And in contemporary reality,

Avoiding all risks and possibilities of error is something that can be catastrophic. Chapter 2: starts early. When a child is recognized for their intelligence and not for their dedication, they tend to avoid the risk of making mistakes so as not to put their achieved image at risk. This type of vision is called a fixed mindset in which the person believes that their qualities are innate, as opposed to the belief that achievements are the result of effort and work, leading to the so-called development mindset . This does not mean that everyone has exactly the same potential, but that it is possible to evolve in any area with the right dedication and approach, although some have it easier than others in specific areas.



When a child believes that with more effort they can become better, they see mistakes as part of the growth process and not as a fate, which makes them more open to them. As a result, these children face risky situations with the naturalness of those Jamaica Email List who will learn from the mistakes that eventually arise. A very important agent in this journey are teachers. When they only give visibility to students who get things right, they cultivate rejection of mistakes. When they openly discuss mistakes and use them as a basis for learning, they cultivate a culture of error-based learning. The same goes for leaders with their teams. Chapter 3: fail every time, fast and cheap. Single-loop learning happens when an error is detected and corrected without questioning the underlying factors that led to it, compared to double-loop learning when diving into the causes of errors, which is quite unusual, first of all, because of the difficulty people have in admitting they are wrong.









In this process, people seek justifications for mistakes, which leads to the loss of learning opportunities. Another strategy used is to adopt a defensive posture and blame others, which ends up installing a culture of accusation. In opposition to this approach there is that of deliberate error where people are encouraged to be willing to take risks to fail quickly and learn from mistakes, building learning cycles. In organizations that cultivate such habits, the focus is on understanding the process and adjusting it and not blaming people. Something very pernicious, in this sense, are managers who use a discourse that encourages experimentation, but in practice, punishes mistakes. Chapter 4: it's not neurosurgery...But what if it is? Between 44 and 98 thousand people die in the united states because of medical errors.